Best Tactics For Human Rights - 995 Words

Outstanding Tactics For Human Rights Protection The utmost desire of a common person is to live where he can enjoy freedom of speech and belief without fear of suppression, and enjoy equity and dignity without any humiliation or assault. The much used and abused term today is Human Rights. The term is used to protect Human rights as well as destroy it. I am not Human Rights Professional, however, I believe that Human Rights should be applied into the society as a natural rule, and the law should be applied as a protection only as a last resort. Through the fruitful ideas resulted from discussions and arguments demonstrated in the workshop organized by the Centre for Human Rights where I participated in, I can say that there are many methods used in Minneapolis that apply in the field of human rights have a tremendous impact in raising awareness among citizens of their rights and hold off victims’ oppression and compensate them psychologically, emotionally and physically, I recall most notably tactics which were applied in the abovementioned workshop, as follows: (1) Prevention: Prevention is one of the most important tactics that is used in Minneapolis’ organizations and NGOs. Prevention is the approaches that happen before violence occurs to eliminate any circumstances or conditions for violence against Human rights. It also may be the response that take place after the violence occur immediately. It is also the long term response to the continuing consequencesShow MoreRelatedAn Article On Drone Strikes1157 Words   |  5 Pagesthe premeditated plan behind the action, was it right or wrong, unassociated to the consequences. Therefore, if actions are not based on consequences, Kant’s theory would support the argument that using drone tactics to eliminate terrorists is morally unacceptable, for the following reasons: the U.S. military is using drone tactics against terrorist without their approval, and innocent lives are being taken at the push of a button. As humans, our moral duty is to treat people in such a wayRead MoreWhat Is Customer Service Agent? An Hr Manager?1527 Words   |  7 Pagessupervisors in employing the right applicants (Competency Modeling Job Analysis, n.d., pp. 1-2). The task-oriented and human relations methods are the best appropriate and the most ordinarily used tactics. It helps the supervisors in reassuring themselves that they employ the right personnel, which can increase worth to the business and have a progressive influence on the whole performance of the business (H. Canan Sumer, n.d., pp. 2-3). The human relations tactic for a customer service representativeRead MoreJustice Is The End Of Government Essay1363 Words   |  6 Pagesthe true perpetrator. Even worse, citizens frequently have no knowledge of their rights, including a class of citizens who are mentally ill. Mentally ill citizens are inept to many social skills in life and can be manipulated effortlessly. While investigators aggressively pursue a confession, for an easily attainable conviction, of mentally ill citizens, they lack the training necessary and use legal, persuasive tactics that deceives the citizens and results in a false confessions. On the foundingRead MoreEssay CCT355 ChangeManagementSim GroupReport 1060 Words   |  5 Pagesby Maurice Gagnon in 1975, was started in response to the growing demand in the high-tech electronic industry. Its quality-oriented specialization in manufacturing military components had been highly recognized and supported by the steady growth of human resources and a significant pool of expertise such as RD department. The development of the GPS technology during 1980s, thus, had created valuable opportunities that secured key revenues and a lead positioning in the military field. However, theRead MoreWhy Should You Invest Time And Money On Growth Tactics That Don t Scale?886 Words   |  4 Pagescall-to-action asking the recipient to share the referral cards with friends (for free wine – who doesn’t love that?), Bright Cellars delivered a customer development tactic that may not scale, but will definitely help them grow. Image published with the permission of CopyMuse. Why should you invest time and money in growth tactics that don’t scale? Your first users, the ones you gather before you’re Microsoft-size-huge, are your foundation in so many ways. By delighting them, you send a messageRead MoreReal Estate Investing : Strategies For Becoming A Successful Investor And Create Wealth872 Words   |  4 Pagesinvestments. Why you need to invest In his essay Theory of Human Motivation first published in 1943, Abraham Maslow, father of behavioural psychology observed, that people are motivated to fulfill three basic needs. The three basic human needs are food, shelter and clothing. And many people will try to fulfill these three needs, before any other need. When you invest in real estate, you add value to your customers in one of the important area of human needs-shelter. You are investing in an evergreen industryRead MoreDominant Needs1310 Words   |  6 Pageswalk (well at least when I could walk). I like having control in most situations, whether leading a team athletically or in decision making, I like to be the one making the calls because I trust myself more than others in doing a particular task the right way. I have heard on occasion (mostly from women) that I can be rude in the way I say things if they didnt know me better. I hate being taken advantage of and like to pride myself in sniffing out a bad deal, or fuzzy logic. However, if I am givenRead MoreEssay Philosophies and Tactics of Dr. King and Malcolm X1492 Words   |  6 PagesDuring the mid-1900s, the Civil Rights Movement was a crucial part of the United States’ growth. Many men and women both black and white contributed to the development of rights for A frican Americans and other minorities. Among them, Martin Luther King and Malcolm X had an everlasting effect on the treatment of minorities in the United States. Although their philosophies and tactics differed greatly, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X helped shape the Civil Rights Movement and make the UnitedRead MoreClient Interaction Strategy795 Words   |  4 PagesThis essay will address several tactics that will assist the consultant with an interaction strategy to communication effectively with different members of Kudler Fine Foods. The first tactic is to identify the main players in the change initiative. Next discuss the dynamic of power and leadership in the organization. Then, describe how to leverage the existing power structure to facilitate different phases of the change initiative, and last explain the influence tactics that may be used with whom,Read MoreA Campaign Against Kfc961 Words   |  4 Pages1) I personally do not support KFC Corporation or Peop le for the Ethical Treatment of Animals in this controversy. This is because I myself am not a fan of meat and do not like the taste personally, but I also do not think it is all right by any means with what they do to the animals. I believe that they are completely abusing these animals so carelessly and it is extreme animal cruelty. I feel like a majority of other people would say it is perfectly fine though. This is because many people do like

week4groupd 445interventionstrategiessummary Essays

Intervention Strategies Summary Paper Learning Team D BSHS/445 May 25, 1025 Alysha McCuistion Intervention Strategies Summary Paper Everyone has problems. Some people are aware enough to acknowledge the problems, while others need help identifying issues. There are those that will deny that a problem even exists, though there are several identifying factors that scream otherwise. Individuals in denial of their problems often spiral downhill until they reach rock bottom. They may need to be given an ultimatum before even attempting to get help. Tonya is a married woman with children who is given an ultimatum by her husband to get help for her drinking problems. Tonya does not see the need for any intervention because in her eyes, she†¦show more content†¦In the stage, Precontemplation, people with a problem cannot see it. They have no way of understanding the need of change and continue to use. Contemplation is the next step and now the client can recognize there is a problem and entertains the thought, but nothing more. When a person is in denial, it is critical for the therapist to convince the clien t in denial to go from Precontemplation (no problem) to contemplation (recognizing a problem). In order to get Tonya to move to the next stage, the therapist clarifies the house hold problems occurring that are a byproduct of her drinking. Once the problem has been clarified, the therapist makes an initial recommendation for action based on her assessment. In this case, the therapist suggests that Tonya participates in three Alcoholics Anonymous (A.A.) classes in the next week. The therapist then strengthens the thought of action with a very simple, but affective question, â€Å"What would it hurt?† This simple question creates a deep thought for Tonya’s purpose for therapy. Tonya’s willingness to participate in a program that will help moves her towards the direction of the Determination/Preparation stage for quitting. They have made the decision and now Tonya needs further guidance in supporting the decision. The next stage is action and the client in denial has not yet reached this step but prior to her next meeting

Flexible Capacity Strategy in Asymmetric Oligopoly †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Flexible Capacity Strategy in Asymmetric Oligopoly. Answer: Introduction: According to the number of sellers and buyers, the structure of market can be divided into various forms, for in instance, perfectly competitive market, monopoly market and oligopoly market. This essay is going to discuss about the oligopoly market structure, where small number of firms dominate the entire market. Under this market structure, each firm knows about the actions of other firm and based on this, the firm takes its own business decision. Hence, collusion is occurred based on certain agreement among firms at the time of competition (Haraguchi Matsumura, 2016). This practice is known as cartel. Thus, the chief feature of this specified market structure is interdependency. This market structure is very common from practical point of view, where small number of producers supply a huge portion of the entire market supply. There exit various types of restrictions to control exit of a firm under market, which in turn has helped the market behave like an oligopoly, for instance, patents and economies of scale. Patent is implemented legally though this restriction is existed until another competing firm invents same product with higher quality (Leibowicz, 2018). Oligopoly market can be existed, where large-scale of firms operate, for instance, capital-intensive industries, by capturing large market share can bear huge amount of costs, which become impossible for other industries to carry. Moreover, by adopting new technologies, those firms can successfully prevent the entry of other firms into the market (Gugler Szcs, 2016). This scenario can be seen in the motor vehicle industries, where limited number of companies dominates this entire automobile industry. The banking system in British is also experiencing the oligopolistic market structure, where four major banks dominate their countrys entire banking system. In this context, it is important to analyse the reason that why those oligopolistic industries have not tried to form a monopolistic market. This situation can be analysed with the help of some economic concepts. According to some economists, the number of firms does not depend only on their economies of scale but it depends on the keenness to merge with each other. In this context, it is beneficial to explain that economies of scale cannot operate without large market structure. The oligopolistic market has some advantage as each firm, without controlling the market price, can influence this. As interdependency prevails in the market, a firms price and production policy can influence others and consequently, those firms also respond. Thus, the chief characteristic of this market form is its price stickiness. In this market, a producer experiences kinked demand curve, which means, if the price increases then the demand for the concerned persons product decreases significantly, while by decreasing the price level, the producer can increase its output level by small amount. This situation occurs because other firms follow the strategy of price reduction. Thus from this consequences, the phenomena of leaders and followers under price leadership model, cartels and price fixing, production discrimination and cut price competition has occurred. The concept of price leaders and followers have been observed under the price leadership model, where a producer, by applying the dominant position, can play the lead role to set a fixed price and at the same time, other producers follow the price structure of the leader. In this context, the concept of cartel has occurred, which implies a situation where all competing firms charge the similar prices. However, in this price settlement, agreements related to market shares or operational areas each firm may not be included. Those firms can implement their market share, where demand becomes low compare to supply at the cartel price some producers can experience surplus capacity. Thus, all firms under a cartel operate like a monopolist, for instance, the Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is well-known oil cartel, all over the world (Pierru, Smith Zamrik, 2018). The other example of cartel is airfares. The International Air Transport Association (Iata) has fixed this f are, based on international agreement. The chief focus of Iata is to achieve daily services without considering customer satisfaction. On the contrary, charter tour companies have provided holiday packages with other essential accommodation with a normal price range (Moreno-Izquierdo, Ramn-Rodrguez Ribes, 2015). Hence, each company have formed their own cartel to operate their business. In Britain, the clearing banks have been operating a cartel on bank charges and interest rates for many years. However, by implementing policies based on credit control and competition, the Heath government has closed this agreement in 1972 (Flgel Grtner 2018). At present, large banks of this state has set their individual interest rates for the purpose of borrowing and lending. Thus, this money market has also formed oligopolistic competition as each bank has followed the interest rates charged by other banks. However, expect price leadership strategy, firms under oligopolistic market also compete with each other by adopting various strategies, for instance, product differentiation and cut-price competition (Ju et al., 2015). To compete with each other, each firm, under this market structure, has followed product differentiation through advertisement, brand image and styles and other strategies that are related with price (Neary Leahy, 2015). Hence, by adopting this strategy, each firm tries to capture its own market. Moreover, the market can adopt another business strategy to compete while it faces insufficient amount of demand. This strategy is called cut-price competition, where due insufficient demand; firms have remained unsuccessful to achieve the targeted level of sales (Huck, Lnser Tyran, 2016). This situation has occurred when while each firm, by adopting new business strategy, wants to capture a large share of the entire marker. Thus, according to this strategy, firms with larg e amount of profit, sustain in the market, while others, by incurring loss or low amount of revenue, exit from the market. Rolls-Royce and some major manufacturing companies of aircrafts have sustained in their respective market after adopting this cut-price competition strategy. However, in Britain, various tour companies have collapsed during the period of 1974-75, when the economy has faced price hike in oil industry, which in turn, has increased the transport costs (Dietzsch, 2015). Advantages and disadvantages: In this context, some advantages and disadvantages of this specified market can be explained from a consumers perspective, where economies of scale can influence the product price to go down. However, by performing this economic activity, firms can experience waste due to over capacity or the market can face an increasing monopoly one (dAspremont Ferreira, 2016). In addition to this, under oligopolies, by adopting price-fixing agreements and cartels, can exploit the market by forming a monopoly condition. Thus, the government of a state, by implementing various policies and restrictions, can prevent this economical exploitation (Idrees, Vasconcelos Ellis, 2018). In this context, restricted policies of the government of United States can be taken as an example, where competition has been prohibited by implementing antitrust legislation. For instance, the U.S government has imposed legislation on one of the leading computer company of the state, IBM. Thus, the chief motive of the gov ernment of a state is to restrict collusion in an oligopolistic market, to protect the shelf-interests of consumers. Instead of these restrictions, the government has overlooked the price fixing practices under this oligopolistic market condition some firms, who are supported by the government (Tyers, 2015). Moreover, to prevent the unethical business practices, the government of Britain often has taken steps to protect companies like Rolls Royce and British Leyland, who have been squeezed out under this market environment. After the Second World War, the petrochemical industry has significantly increased their business by adopting this oligopolistic market structure. The industry, through their building blocks, has manufactured various products for customers, like synthetic fibres, dyes and rubber and all others. Those product groups can be divided into two parts, viz., ethylene and benzene, whose demand has increased in the world market since 1950 compare to all other industrial products (Tobin, 2018). However, this increasing trend of growth can be occurred with the help of three factors. Firstly, the price of various petrochemical products, for instance, artificial fibres has become affordable along with higher quality. Secondly, the technological development and economies of scale have been exploited due to the increasing demand of those petrochemical products, which in turn has helped to increase the productivity of those products. For instance, in 1050s, the ethylene cracker of first generation h as produced about 30000 to 50000 tonnes of output while, at present, the amount of same output is 500000 tonnes (Strm, 2018). Thirdly, large scale of production has earned some other economical advantages in the form of fewer workers, complete utilisation of fuel usage and raw materials and downstream of the chief product. However, the cracker industry has also faced some problems due to excessive production. Firstly, to produce more outputs, the industry has invested more capital inputs. Secondly, costs associated with the start-up of this industry have remained higher because of capital-intensive technology. Thirdly, the production technology, under this industry, has reached at its maximum level. Thus from this discussion of the petrochemical, it can be seen that the industry has faced both advantages and disadvantages for its oligopolistic behaviour (Yang, Ng Ni 2017). Initially, by reducing price level, the industry has experienced an increasing demand for its product, which in turn, has helped this entity to earn higher amount of profit, which can be invested to increase the plant size further. However, after achieving full penetration, this increasing trend of petrochemical has decreased. Therefore, the demand for input raw materials, like benzene and ethylene, has varied significantly, compare to that for final products. In addition to this, due to enhancing efficiency in the production process, the industry has experienced price-cutting. Thus, the capacity of plant operation, below 80%, between 1960s and 1970s, has experienced an uneconomic condition (Tobin, 2018). Thus, to protect the excessive amount of output, this price-cutting strategy has been applied by the industry from the future perspective of industry growth. Thus, from the above discussion, a structure of oligopolistic market can be drawn, where few numbers of firms operate their business by adopting different market strategies, which are not followed in any other market structures, like perfect competition or monopoly. However, in some situations, an oligopolistic marker can perform like a monopolistic one, for instance, by forming a cartel (Haraguchi Matsumura, 2016). To make a market oligopoly, that is, to make the number of firms limited, an industry can adopt various restrictions, for instance, patent and economies of scale. One of the chief characteristics of this specified market structure is interdependency among all firms, that is, one firm can influence the business strategy of others or the entire market by applying its own business strategy. In this context, it can be stated that the oligopolistic market has been experienced some advantages as well as some disadvantage. Under the situation of price leadership model, an experienced and large-scale firm has set the price level while other firms follow this level. By applying this method, firms can protect themselves from incurring losses. For instance, due to short of demand, firms can experience excess supply of output. In this situation, to face with this economical situation, the firms can protect themselves by forming a cartel, where they operate as a monopolist (Idrees, Vasconcelos Ellis, 2018). They can also earn profit by competing with each other through product differentiation through advertisement or other non-price competition. In addition to this, by applying cut-price competition, the market can reduce the number of firms, where large firms trough installing capacity produce large number of outputs to capture excess share in the market. This price-cutting com petition helps consumers by decreasing the price level, though this strategy may affect those firms negatively as the market can face excess capacity of production and monopolistic behaviour of the existing firms. Hence, to prevent this competition, government intervention is essential. Thus, by forming a cartel, all firms can behave like a monopolist with a unique price level, which in turn, has helped those competing firms at the time low demand while, in other forms of market competition, weak firms have lost their market share. Moreover, an industry can face advantages due to higher amount of demand like the petrochemical industry, initially (Yang, Ng Ni, 2017). However, in the later phase, the industry has experienced various disadvantages due to large economies of scale, which in turn, has helped to decrease the production in this industry. Under monopolistic market, a producer can charge higher amount of price for a product compare to the average costs while the nature of this products demand curve is inelastic. Thus, the producer, by charging higher price of product, can earn higher amount of revenue, which in turn, helps the person to earn excess profit in market (Kairouz et al., 2017). Moreover, the producer can apply price discrimination for same product in different markets. Hence, by applying this strategy, the producer can exploit customers, especially for necessary goods, this practice has become easier for the concerned person. The monopoly market does not prevail only in private sectors even the state can also establish this specific form of market (Kubick et al., 2014). This essay tends to explain this kind of state monopoly market in Britain. However, the outcome is not equal for all countries, for instance, by adopting monopoly strategy, Britain has experienced various economical losses in its domestic and international market. This essay is going to explain some economic and political reasons, based on which the state has decided to nationalise some industries. Moreover, this is essay is going to describe some reasons for which the government has failed to attain its goal. Reasons behind state monopolies: To protect the state form excessive abuse of monopoly power, the government has undertaken some private companies, who have enjoyed this power in the market (Henckel McKibbin, 2017). However, State has also enjoyed monopoly power through controlling natural resources, for instance, energy resources and water supplies and producing some particular products, viz., telecommunications and steel production. By nationalising, the state cannot prevent the monopoly power of a private sector. However, practicing of monopoly power by some nationalised industries vary states wise. For instance, in Britain, the British Rail has earned low amount of revenue as most of the people other transports, especially, private cars. Energy is supplied by nationalised industry, which in turn, has influenced them to compete with other industries. For doing so, oil and gas industries bear advertisement costs. However, this increasing price of oil has negatively affected other energy producing companies, thoug h the government cannot decide that whether they should increase the price level of those energy products equivalent to that of oil price or not. The other reason of the state to provide monopoly power is to achieve economies of scale. By doing so, the state can create a competitive market for other firms, where those firms intends to maximise their production scale by investing small amount of money (Trentmann CARLSSON-HYSLOP, 2017). For this, most of the countries need a producer under the capital-intensive industry, who can support the nation to compete in the world market. Hence, state investment is essential; otherwise, the country can face various economical difficulties. For instance, due to lack of governmental investment, the British Steel has produced less amount of output, for which the country has imported more amount of output by 1975-76 compare to that in the year 1970-71 (Tschannerl, 2018). The argument of state monopolies can also be described from the political perspective. The first argument is supported by the Marxian concept (Foster, 2017). In Britain, through nationalisation, the government has taken away all assets from individual shareholders and have given those to government employees and to ministers. Therefore, in 1974, the labour party promised to nationalise aircraft industries, ports and shipbuilding (Medhurst, 2014). Moreover, in 1976, the party has taken a resolution regarding the nationalisation of insurance companies and the largest banks. Secondly, the state has nationalised some specific industries, which take parts on social activities by either providing similar services with low prices, for instance, transport service in rural areas or for an uneconomic sectors that needs more security to balance in various economical activities (Warde, 2017). These governmental activities have successfully divided the public goods with state industry. The government has taken responsibility of those declining industries to prevent the economic condition of a country. For instance, some leading industries of Britain like coal and railways have cut down work force successfully before nationalisation (Arnold, 2016). However, later those industries have found it difficult to remove their labour force easily and consequently, wage has become the fixed cost. Inefficiency of state monopoly: Britain has nationalised leading industries to protect the self-interest of the nation. However, one can rise about the efficiency of this procedure and the implication monopoly power in the economy of Britain. According to some economists, the government has taken a chance to protect the country through nationalisation (Massey, 2018). The state has forced those leading companies to nationalise as most of the industries have collapsed or many services have lost in the economy. However, in this context, it is important to state that the state cannot solve those problems only by nationalising them (Henderson, 2015). This is because the government may not understand the basic problems of those industries and for this may delay to take action. Consequently, some small industries have omitted from the industry after nationalisation, for instance, overseas communications business. By comparing nationalised companies of Britain with other western counties, the method of selection procedure can be understood. Most of the western countries have nationalised postal services and telephone services. Rail may be public, private or mixed for different countries. Moreover, some socialist countries of Western Europe have not nationalised large number of industries. On the other side, the political influence along with various governmental constraints, like attitudes of unions or parliamentary timetables, are more in Britain, which in turn, have controlled the process of nationalisation and denationalisation. Thus, for those unstable economical factors, the state has some nationalised industries, whose net output are comparatively low and contributed fewer amounts to the countrys GDP. However, the government has invested more amounts in those industries, which implies that the government has faced loss through nationalisation. Consequently, the nationalised companies, especially suppliers of capital goods, along with private ones, who have faced difficulties due to state monopolies, have pressurised the government due to those changes. Though the government has faced huge losses from some specific nationalised industries, they have provided higher amount of wage compare to that of private sectors to their workforce, who has captured 8% of total population during 1960s. Income of some specific sectors, like gas and electricity, coal and rail industry have increased almost by 152% while that of private sector has increased by 106% in 1970-75 (Hunter, 2018). However, after all those efforts, the government has faced losses as those nationalised companies have faced various difficulties at the beginning of the process and as their objectives have been remained indeterminate. Thus, they were informed to break even by taking one year or more than that for providing sufficient service or to become efficient. However, those objectives have made many conflicts among those nationalised industries. In an industry, where economies of scale exist, the producer can efficiently use existing equipment through charging the marginal cost from consumer for meeting his demand (Burger, Chaves-vila, Batlle Prez-Arriaga, 2017). However, until the economies of scale has exhausted, marginal costs remain below the lower compare to average costs and as a result, losses has occurred automatically. Thus, it is essential to discuss about the role of government and it decision to making a state monopoly market. Under this market condition, a producer by charging higher amount of price can earn excess profit. However, in practical scenario, this market structure may perform accordingly; for instance, Britain has faced some critical conditions after adopting this market structure (Alemu, 2018). The country, by adopting this economic concept, has tried to remove the monopoly power of private producers and their power of exploitation. For this, the state has undertaken some vital industries under their coverage and provide huge amount of interests. However, due to their lack of proper business objectives, they cannot perform well and the government has faced huge loss. In other western countries, the government has practiced monopoly power ( Schakel,2015). However, they have taken limited number of firms to nationalise and hence their degree of responsibility is low. On the other sid e, the government of Britain has nationalised various large-scale industries for some economical and political reasons. The state also tries to increase the economies of scale and also try to protect self-interest of labourers. As a result, state has provided salaries to their limited workers by a large amount. By following Marxian concept, they have decided to protect this exploitation. It can be seen from the above discussion that after all these efforts, the government cannot achieve its goal and has failed drastically. In this context, it can be mentioned that the government of Britain cannot follow the changing trend of international market (Jessop, 2015). Moreover, the institution has remained unsuccessful to adopt modern and new technologies, while private sectors have improved their production methods, which in turn, has helped those companies to compete in international market by adopting modern trend of fashion, technology and tastes of customers. The chief motive of a private company is to maximise profit while a nationalised firm always tries to maintain social welfare. This motive has helped companies to adopt various new business strategies according to the requirement of their business, for instance, a medicine company can introduce new business strategy in fashion sectors. However, for nationalised companies, adopting of this dynamic strategy has rema ined u acceptable due to the various rules and regulations of the government (Demeritt et al., 2015). The government, by providing various subsidies and securities, has tried to main a social welfare. On the contrary, under the protection of the government and monopoly power, those nationalised companies have not adopted new business strategies to compete with others in domestic and international market, which in turn, has negatively affected the economic conditions of the state. Moreover, unfair competition between private sector and public sector has adversely affected many companies to compete as most of the private companies with huge potential but lack of governmental support, have remained unsuccessful to adopt new business strategies and consequently, has abolished from the market after incurring huge loss. Inefficient monopoly market structure in Britain: Hence, it can be concluded that the practice of monopoly market structure, is not always, chiefly for Britain. Due to this unbiased market structure, some companies enjoy political and economical advantages, whereas, some companies have abolished from the market due to lack of support. The government has nationalised various large-scale industries to remove monopolistic power in private sectors, as it can adversely affect the socio-economical conditions. However, an inappropriate business strategy with lack of objectives of the government has adversely affected the economical conditions of Britain. Thus, monopoly practice is viable for an economy like Britain, where the government has appropriately adopted those strategies without adopting modern business strategy. However, the government has adopted those activities from various political and economical aspects, for instance, to eradicate labour exploitation, obtain economies of scale and to protect those companies, who provide soci al services in the state. Hence, the chief motive of the state has based on social welfare and public security. Hence, from this perspective the monopoly market structure is beneficial for the economy. However, due to governmental security and huge amount of subsidy, those nationalised companies have operated their business without any competition for which, they have not utilised their resources completely. In addition to this, they have incurred huge loss for maintaining old strategy of production. However, in some other western countries, the government has successfully adopted this monopoly strategy and have earned huge amount of profit. Those states have not nationalised all large scale-industries and with limited industries, they have earned revenues by adopting appropriate business strategies. Moreover, political and economical factors have not adversely affected those countries and for this reason, those states have uninterruptedly developed their business strategies for nat ionalised sectors and consequently, those countries have successfully competed with private sector industries and in international market, as well. Hence, from the perspective of those countries, monopoly market structure is viable. References: Alemu, R. (2018). Liberalisation of the Telecommunications Sector: From Public Monopoly to Competitive Telecommunications Markets. InThe Liberalisation of the Telecommunications Sector in Sub-Saharan Africa and Fostering Competition in Telecommunications Services Markets(pp. 33-55). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. Arnold, J. (2016). " The Death of Sympathy." Coal Mining, Workplace Hazards, and the Politics of Risk in Britain, ca. 1970-1990.Historical Social Research/Historische Sozialforschung, 91-110. Burger, S., Chaves-vila, J. P., Batlle, C., Prez-Arriaga, I. J. (2017). A review of the value of aggregators in electricity systems.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,77, 395-405. dAspremont, C., Ferreira, R. D. S. (2016). Oligopolistic vs. monopolistic competition: Do intersectoral effects matter?.Economic Theory,62(1-2), 299-324. Demeritt, D., Rothstein, H., Beaussier, A. L., Howard, M. (2015). Mobilizing risk: explaining policy transfer in food and occupational safety regulation in the UK.Environment and Planning A,47(2), 373-391. Dietzsch, J. P. J. (2015).The scope and implications of airline privatisation(Doctoral dissertation). Flgel, F., Grtner, S. (2018).The banking systems of Germany, the UK and Spain form a spatial perspective: Lessons learned and what is to be done?(No. 18/01A). IAT Discussion Paper. Foster, J. B. (2017). The Meaning of Work in a Sustainable Society: A Marxian View.CUSP Essay Series on the Morality of Sustainable Prosperity, (3). Gugler, K., Szcs, F. (2016). Merger externalities in oligopolistic markets.International Journal of Industrial Organization,47, 230-254. Haraguchi, J., Matsumura, T. (2016). CournotBertrand comparison in a mixed oligopoly.Journal of Economics,117(2), 117-136. Henckel, T., McKibbin, W. J. (2017). The economics of infrastructure in a globalized world: issues, lessons and future challenges.Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development,1(2), 254-272. Henderson, E. (2015). Quasi?Nationalisation in the UK Banking Crisis: A Problematic Policy Option.Financial Accountability Management,31(4), 463-481. Huck, S., Lnser, G. K., Tyran, J. R. (2016). Price competition and reputation in markets for experience goods: An experimental study.The RAND Journal of Economics,47(1), 99-117. Hunter, T. (2018). Converging Energy Governance in Mature Petroleum Provinces: Political, Legal and Economic Dimensions in Governing Mature Petroleum Fields in the North Sea. InThe International Political Economy of Oil and Gas(pp. 155-174). Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. Idrees, I. A., Vasconcelos, A. C., Ellis, D. (2018). Clique and elite: inter-organizational knowledge sharing across five star hotels in the Saudi Arabian religious tourism and hospitality industry.Journal of Knowledge Management. Jessop, B. (2015). Margaret Thatcher and Thatcherism: Dead but not buried.British Politics,10(1), 16-30. Ju, X., Cheng, Y., Hu, Z., Lv, M., Chen, X. (2015). Determinants and consequences of price-leadership strategy: Evidence from Chinese manufacturer exporters.Transnational Marketing Journal,3(2), 81-111. Kairouz, S., Fiedler, I., Monson, E., Arsenault, N. (2017). Exploring the Effects of Introducing a State Monopoly Operator to an Unregulated Online Gambling Market.Journal of Gambling Issues, (37). Kubick, T. R., Lynch, D. P., Mayberry, M. A., Omer, T. C. (2014). Product market power and tax avoidance: Market leaders, mimicking strategies, and stock returns.The Accounting Review,90(2), 675-702. Leibowicz, B. D. (2018). Welfare improvement windows for innovation policy.Research Policy,47(2), 390-398. Massey, A. (2018). Persistent public management reform: an egregore of liberal authoritarianism?.Public Money Management, 1-10. Medhurst, J. (2014).That option no longer exists: Britain 1974-76. John Hunt Publishing. Moreno-Izquierdo, L., Ramn-Rodrguez, A., Ribes, J. P. (2015). The impact of the internet on the pricing strategies of the European low cost airlines.European Journal of Operational Research,246(2), 651-660. Neary, J. P., Leahy, D. (2015). When the threat is stronger than the execution: Trade liberalization and welfare under oligopoly.Economics Series Working Papers,775. Pierru, A., Smith, J. L., Zamrik, T. (2018). OPECs Impact on Oil Price Volatility: The Role of Spare Capacity.The Energy Journal,39(2). Schakel, A. H. (2015). Nationalisation of regional elections in Central and Eastern Europe.East European Politics,31(2), 229-247. Strm, T. E. (2018). The Road Map to Brave New World: Cartography and Fordism from Gulf Oil to Google.Culture Unbound: Journal of Current Cultural Research,9(3), 307-334. Tobin, D. (2018). Technical self-sufficiency, pricing independence: a Penrosean perspective on Chinas emergence as a major oil refiner since the 1960s.Business History, 1-22. Trentmann, F., CARLSSON-HYSLOP, A. N. N. A. (2017). THE EVOLUTION OF ENERGY DEMAND IN BRITAIN: POLITICS, DAILY LIFE, AND PUBLIC HOUSING, 1920s1970s.The Historical Journal, 1-33. Tschannerl, G. (2018). PERIPHERY CAPITALIST DEVELOPMENT-A CASE STUDY OF THE TANZANIAN ECONOMY.Utafiti Journal,1(1). Tyers, R. (2015). Service Oligopolies and Australia's Economy?Wide Performance.Australian Economic Review,48(4), 333-356. Warde, A. (2017). Introduction. InConsumption(pp. 1-12). Palgrave Macmillan, London. Yang, L., Ng, C. T., Ni, Y. (2017). Flexible capacity strategy in an asymmetric oligopoly market with competition and demand uncertainty.Naval Research Logistics (NRL).

Summary of the Novella Siddhartha by Hermann Hesse

The book, written by Hermann Hesse and entitled Siddhartha, dwells upon a man who searches for enlightenment in ancient India. The main character of the book, Siddhartha, is a son of a respectable spiritual leader. Siddhartha is also respected as he is knowledgeable and he is expected to be a leader just like his father as the young man manages to learn spiritual rituals quite early. Nonetheless, the protagonist is not satisfied with following rituals as he is keen on reaching enlightenment. He is wise and brave enough to start his journey to enlightenment and he is ready to change his direction if necessary.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Summary of the Novella Siddhartha by Hermann Hesse specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The book is concerned with the life of the protagonist which is also his path to enlightenment. He resorts to many ways to achieve his goal and reaches it at the end of his long and meaningful life. He starts his journey when he forces his father to let him go with Samanas who try to avoid any pleasures of life to become enlightened. However, soon Siddhartha understands that this is not the way to enlightenment and joins the followers of Gautam who is regarded to be the new Buddha. After a while, the protagonist understands that though Gautam may be enlightened, he cannot teach anyone to achieve this higher goal and Siddhartha leaves the teacher. He starts living in the city where he learns a lot about life pleasures and especially about love. He lives this life for a long time, but realizes that this is the wrong way and abandons the city for the life by the river where he learns a lot of secrets of the universe. Several years later he learns that he has a son and starts living with him, but the young man dislikes the life of a poor ferryman and abandons Siddhartha, which becomes one of the last lessons that bring Siddhartha to enlightenment. One of the major motifs in t he book is the notion of Om. This is a symbol of unity of everything in the universe. Siddhartha first learns about the Om, then he understands what the Om is and at the end of his life he feels it as he sees himself as a part of the universe. Another important motif is that of love. Siddhartha loves his father, he also learns about physical love and has a chance to understand what the love to a son is. All these manifestations of love can be regarded as Siddhartha’s steps towards enlightenment. The book also reveals certain issues. The book teaches that a person should be brave to pursue his/her goals and find new ways to reach the aims set. Another important issue raised is that people should not totally rely on other individuals’ experience. There can be no teacher as everyone should try to find his/her own way to enlightenment. People should also have patience and they should be ready to accept the truth. This essay on Summary of the Novella Siddhartha by Hermann Hesse was written and submitted by user Brielle L. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Affirmative Action Essays (3214 words) - Law, Politics,

Affirmative Action Although many people believe that affirmative Action is a form of racism, it is actually used to help minorities find employment in an otherwise racist world. In the United States, equality is a recurring theme. It has flared into a fervent moral issue at crucial stages of American history: The revolutionary and Jacksonian Period, and the New Deal. In each era, the legitimacy of American society is challenged by some set of people unhappy with the degree of equality (Verba and Orren). Following the Civil War, Congress passed a number of laws designed to put former slaves on an equal level with white people. The Fourteenth Amendment made the freedmen citizen and prohibited states from enforcing any law which took away the privliges of any citizen, depriving men of life, liberty, or property without due process of the law, or denied men equal protection of the laws. In 1875, Republican majority in Congress, aware that reconstruction would soon end, passed a civil right act to secure by law semblance of equality for Black Americans (Urofsky 19). Many white Americans really did not like the idea of equality for the Black Freedmen. Gideon Welles, who had been prevailing sentiment when he wrote in 1871: Thank God slavery is abolished, but the Negro is not, and never can be the equal of the white man. He is of an inferior race and must always remain so(Urofsky 23). The supreme court agreed and in 1883 passed the Civil Rights act which diluted much of the protection of th e Fourteenth Amendment. Justice Joseph Bradely interpreted the enforcement provision of the amendment as strictly remedial; congress has the power to remedy a discriminatory state law, but could not take affirmative steps to protect blacks from other forms of prejudice (Urofsky 21). As a result of this decision, the federal government took no action to combat racism in the country until the second world war (Urofsky 22). Because resentment continued to increase within the black communities and because of the threat of a march on Washington, President Franklin D. Roosevelt issued an executive order on June 25, 1941. This order directed African Americans to be accepted into job-training programs in defense plants. The order also stated that discrimination would not be excepted by employers holding defense contracts. It also set up a fair employment practice commissions to investigate charges of racial discrimination. Harry Truman and Dwight Eisenhower continued to enforce fair employment legislation after Roosevelts policies because Congress was unwilling to do so. In 1954, the supreme court decision Brown v. Board of Education pressured both houses of Congress and the executive office to take some positive steps on behalf of civil rights. In January 1961, John F. Kennedy took office. Almost immediately Roy Wilkins of the NAACP called for action to promote employment opportunities for African Americans. John F. Kennedy responded with executive order 10925, which created a presidential commission on equal employment opportunity; it also mandated federal contractors to take Affirmative Action to ensure that there would be no discrimination by race, creed, color or nationality. This was not the first time that the government ordered it own contractors not only to avoid discrimination, but to take positive steps to redress the effects of discrimination in society. In some cases contractors were asked to pay employees doing similar work, the same amount of pay. Without congressional action an executive order could only last so long, and in 1963 Kennedy secured passage of the Equal Pay Act. The Equal Pay Act prohibited employers from paying women less than men for the same work. A short time later due to the assassination of kennedy Lyndon B. Johnson called for the passage of the Civil Rights Bill as a memorial to the late president kennedy. Lyndon B. Johnson skillfully guided and expanded versions of kennedys proposal through the house and senate. The Civil Rights Act was signed into law July 2, 1964. Title VII of the act banned employment discrimination based on race, color, sex, and nationality, it also created a permanent equal employment opportunity commission to enforce its provisions. The act also for the first time included obligations not to discriminate to private employees, labor unions, and governmental agencies.(Urofsky

Scientists Complete the Periodic Table

Scientists Complete the Periodic Table   The periodic table as we know it is now complete! The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) has announced verification of the only elements left elements 113, 115, 117, and 118. These elements complete the 7th and final row of the periodic table of elements. Of course, if elements with higher atomic numbers are discovered, then an additional row will be added to the table. Details on the Discoveries of the Last Four Elements The fourth IUPAC/IUPAP Joint Working Party (JWP) reviewed literature to determine claims for verification of these last few elements have fulfilled all the criteria necessary to officially discover the elements. What this means is the discovery of the elements has been replicated and demonstrated to the satisfaction of scientists according to the 1991 discovery criteria decided by the IUPAP/IUPAC Transfermium Working Group (TWG). The discoveries are credited to Japan, Russia, and the USA. These groups will be allowed to propose the names and symbols for the elements, which will need to be approved before the elements take their place on the periodic table. Element 113 Discovery Element 113 has the temporary working name ununtrium, with symbol Uut. The RIKEN team in Japan has been credited with discovering this element. Many people hope Japan will choose a name like japonium for this element, with symbol J or Jp, since J is the one letter presently absent from the periodic table. Elements 115, 117, and 118 Discovery Elements 115 (ununpentium, Uup) and 117 (ununseptium, Uus) were discovered by a collaboration between Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Oak Ridge, TN, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California, and the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna, Russia. Researchers from these groups will propose new names and symbols for these elements. Element 118 (ununoctium, Uuo) discovery is credited  to a collaboration between the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna, Russia and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California. This group has discovered several elements, so theyre sure to have a challenge ahead of them coming up with new names and symbols. Why Its So Hard To Discover New Elements While scientists may be able to make new elements, its difficult to prove the discovery because these superheavy nuclei decay into lighter elements instantaneously. Proof of the elements requires demonstration that the set of daughter nuclei that are observed can be unequivocally attributed to the heavy, new element. It would be much simpler if it was possible to directly detect and measure the new element, but this hasnt been possible. How Long Until We See New Names? Once the researchers propose new names, the Inorganic Chemistry Division of the IUPAC will check them to make sure they dont translate into something funky in other language or have some prior historic use that would make them unsuitable for an element name. A new element may be named for a place, country, scientist, property, or mythological reference. The symbol needs to be one or two letters. After the Inorganic Chemistry Division checks the elements and symbols, they are presented for public review for five months. Most people start using the new element names and symbols at this point, but they dont become official until the IUPAC Council formally approves them. At this point, the IUPAC will change their periodic table (and others will follow suit).

Implementation of Infrastructural design for information technology in Research Paper

Implementation of Infrastructural design for information technology in financial environment - Research Paper Example Keywords: servers, farm, co-location, co-lo, IT, information technology, location, maintenance, email, instant messaging, ticketing system Implementation of Infrastructural Design for IT in a Financial Environment I. INTRODUCTION i. Background of the problem The recent advancements in information and technology have resulted in widespread adoption of networked information systems thereby creating new threats to the integrity, and safety of the information infrastructure and transactions in a number of financial environments across the globe. Consequently many banks and other financial organizations are increasingly implementing secure infrastructural designs of information technology in their financial environments not only to secure their sensitive communications and transactions but also to improve the reliability and integrity of their systems. According to Harris (2001, p.39), an effective IT infrastructure design reduces the risks of potential financial losses due to network fau lts while at the same time reducing the expenses related to network management. A properly implemented infrastructural design for information technology in a financial environment often integrates a number of technological components to support business needs of the particular organization. IT infrastructure comprises a group of shared tangible IT resources that offer a foundation to enable present and potential business applications. These recourses include the operating systems, key data. Core data-processing applications network and telecommunication and shared its services. Information management is the heart component of government infrastructure; it is the intellectual capital of accountability governance. Best practices and standards leads in efficient, responsible and cost effective use of resources. IT comprises of a full spectrum of technology and services that back-up information management. Financial institutions are often demanding environments dealing with massive quan tities of sensitive information. In this regard, it is critically important to implement reliable and secure infrastructural designs for such environments to ensure their robust performance as well as provide secure access to information. This paper seeks to detail the specific server farm setup that will be utilized by the company, the design of the IT department, the type of software and hardware that would be best suited for the company, as well as the different possibilities for co-location sites that would be used for the servers themselves. ii. Researcher’s Work Setting and Role The researcher is a graduate student pursing masters of Science Degree in Management. As the lead researcher, my primary role will be to outline the specific research problem and work closely with the other members of the research team towards the achievement of the research goals. I will also be obligated to participate in the data collection processes as well as to provide a supervisory role t hroughout the research. iii. Statement of the problem For any information and communication system in any enterprise to run smoothly a